Friday, November 07, 2008

Future of UK physics still under threat

The funding woes of physics and astronomy in the UK, in particular those fields covered by the Science and Technologies Facilities Council, still appear to be unresolved, at least in the eyes of UK physicists themselves.

Read Pallab Ghosh's article "Future of physics 'under threat'" at the BBC (the article was published online on 11/03/08).

Thursday, November 06, 2008

Interesting Astrophysical Papers: Oct 20 to Nov 06.

Now that the election is out of the way, lets get back to astrophysics. Here is another set of recent papers and preprints that I consider interesting, arranged into rough categories.


Galaxies

The nucleus of NGC 253 and its massive stellar clusters at parsec scales
Juan Antonio Fernández-Ontiveros, M. Almudena Prieto, Jose Antonio Acosta-Pulido (Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias), arXiv:0810.3250v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS (Letters)

The Sub-parsec Scale Radio Properties of Southern Starburst Galaxies. II. Supernova Remnants, the Supernova Rate, and the Ionised Medium in the NGC 4945 Starburst
E. Lenc, S. J. Tingay, arXiv:0811.0057v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: Accepted by the Astronomical Journal. 38 pages, 7 figures,

The Sizes of Early-type Galaxies
Joachim Janz, Thorsten Lisker (ARI/Zentrum fuer Astronomie, University of Heidelberg), arXiv:0810.2999v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: Accepted by ApJL; 5 page, 3 figures

Low-Level Nuclear Activity in Nearby Spiral Galaxies
Himel Ghosh and Smita Mathur, The Astrophysical Journal, 687:216–229, 2008 November 1

Dust and Gas as Seeds for Metal-Poor Star Formation
Deidre A. Hunter (Lowell Observatory), arXiv:0810.5069v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: To be published in "Low Metallicity Star Formation: From the First Stars to Dwarf Galaxies," Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 255, eds. L.K. Hunt, S. Madden, & R. Schneider (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ Press)

Spitzer/IRS Mapping of Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies
Miguel Pereira-Santaella, Almudena Alonso-Herrero, George H. Rieke, Luis Colina, arXiv:0810.5088v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 4 pages, 5 figures. To appear in "Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics V", Proceedings of the VIII Scientific Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society (SEA) held in Santander, 7-11 July, 2008

Resolution of the Distance Ambiguity for Galactic HII Regions
L. D. Anderson, T. M. Bania, arXiv:0810.5570v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: Accepted to ApJ

Massive star formation in Wolf-Rayet galaxies: I. Optical and NIR photometric results
Angel R. Lopez-Sanchez, Cesar Esteban, arXiv:0811.0202v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: Published in A&A, 491, 131 (2008). 39 Figures have NOT been included
here. Full version in this http URL False color pictures of the galaxies can be found in this http URL

Chandra Acis Survey of X-Ray Point Sources in 383 Nearby Galaxies I. the Source Catalog
Jifeng Liu, arXiv:0811.0804v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 77 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables


Numerical Astrophysics and Hydrodynamics

Modeling the Disk (three-phase) Interstellar Medium
Gerhard Hensler, arXiv:0810.3347v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 14 pages, to be published in Proceed. IAU Symp. No. 254, "The Galaxy Disk in Cosmological Context", J. Andersen, J. Bland-Hawthorn, & B. Nordstroem (eds.), 2009, invited review

Supernova Explosions and the Triggering of Galactic Fountains and Outflows
E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, C. Melioli, A. D'Ercole, F. Brighenti, A. Raga, arXiv:0811.0038v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 9 pages, 7 figures, invited paper accepted to: "Magnetic Fields in the Universe II: from Laboratory and Stars to the Primordial Structures", RevMexAA


Visualization and Computing

Algorithmic comparisons of decaying, isothermal, compressible turbulence. I. Low-resolution simulations with fixed grids
S. Kitsionas, R. Klessen, C. Federrath, W. Schmidt, D. Price, J. Dursi, M. Gritschneder, S. Walch, R. Piontek, J. Kim, A.-K. Jappsen, P. Ciecielag, M.-M. Mac Low, arXiv:0810.4599v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: Submitted to A&A, 26 pages, 120 figures

Interchanging Interactive 3-d Graphics for Cosmology
C. J. Fluke, D. G. Barnes, N. T. Jones, arXiv:0810.4201v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, Supporting demonstrations are available at this http URL


Stars and Stellar Evolution

The evolution of massive and very massive stars in clusters
Dany Vanbeveren, arXiv:0810.4781v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 16 pages, 7 figures, Review talk presented at the conference From Taurus to the Antennae, Sheffield 4-8th August 2008

The mass-radius relationship from solar-type stars to terrestrial planets: a review
G. Chabrier, I. Baraffe, J. Leconte, J. Gallardo, T. barman, arXiv:0810.5085v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: Cool Stars, Stellar Systems and the Sun 15, invited review

Tycho Brahe's 1572 supernova as a standard type Ia explosion revealed from its light echo spectrum
Oliver Krause, Masaomi Tanaka, Tomonori Usuda, Takashi Hattori, Miwa Goto, Stephan Birkmann, Ken'ichi Nomoto, arXiv:0810.5106v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 15 pages, 3 figures - accepted for publication in Nature


Cosmology

The Impact of Feedback on Disk Galaxy Scaling Relations
Aaron A. Dutton, Frank C. van den Bosch, arXiv:0810.4963v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 25 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS

GalICS II: the [alpha/Fe]-mass relation in elliptical galaxies
A.Pipino, J.E.G. Devriendt, D.Thomas, J.Silk, S.Kaviraj, arXiv:0810.5753v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 12 pages, 13 figure, A&A submitted, comments welcome


Planets, Comets and assorted small fry

Extrasolar Giant Planets and X-Ray Activity
Vinay L. Kashyap, Jeremy J. Drake, and Steven H. Saar, The Astrophysical Journal, 687:1339–1354, 2008 November 10.

A New Orbit Determination for Bright Sungrazing Comet of 1843
Zdenek Sekanina and Paul W. Chodas, The Astrophysical Journal, 687:1415–1422, 2008 November 10

Planet formation in the habitable zone of alpha Centauri B
Philippe Thebault, Francesco Marzari, Hans Scholl,
arXiv:0811.0673v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: accepted for publication in MNRAS


Bragging rights

The Science Impact of Astronomy PhD Granting Departments in the United States
Anne L. Kinney, arXiv:0811.0311v1 [astro-ph]
Comments: 18 pages, 6 figures

Wednesday, November 05, 2008

Hope for a better tomorrow

"An historic night" as Steven Colbert said repeatedly said last night. Barack Obama won the Presidency of the USA in something very close to a landslide, winning states that have not gone Democratic since the party realignment of the 1960's.

Although to me it felt less like history and more like the entire future realigning itself into something more hopeful.

The last time I felt that everything had suddenly changed was the dark day of September 11th, 2001.

Before that the more hopeful, if now tarnished, night of May 2nd, 1997, when the Labour Party swept to power in the UK after 18 years of Conservative mis-rule.

McCain's concession speech was remarkably gracious and non-partisan, especially considering the remarkably ungracious, bigoted and partisan campaign he ran. Unfortunately the small (and almost uniformly white) crowd of McCain supporters who heard him were less gracious, booing mentions of Obama's name.

Obama's victory speech was also impressive, and surprisingly cerebral. I caught some of the Lincoln riffs and the obvious MLK Jr references, but I'm sure I missed some clever stuff. And as usual, it presented a remarkably calm and considered point of view.

Of the two candidates there is no doubt that it is Obama who genuinely wishes to heal the partisan and ideological rifts than wound this country. The difference in the diversity and behavior of the pro-Obama crowd at Grant Park only served to emphasize the essential rightness of the Obama election.

I often doubt that any politician can truly be the transformative figure that many believe Obama to be - is he not just yet another centrist Democrat (obviously better for the US than any Republican, but still far from perfect)? But the more I see and hear him speak the more I begin to think that there is something really different about him from other centrist Democrats. That he does actually believe in change, that people can make a positive difference. I can't imagine Hilliary, or Kerry, or even Gore giving the speech Obama gave last night, or giving me reason to hope that the future will be a better place.

Tuesday, November 04, 2008

Change is here

We drove by the school hosting the poll in out area at 7:40am, 40 minutes after the poll had opened, to see a line stretching outside the school entrance and all the way along the side of the building. Parking lot full, neighboring streets full of parked cars. Without the time to spend an hour or two in line before work it appears like we'll have to come back after work.

Rain is predicted here all afternoon and up to poll closing time at 8pm.

The highways were surprising free of cars, no stop and go traffic, haven't driven to work this quickly in months. A lot of people must have changed their schedules, or be stuck in lines at the polling booths.

Maryland is very much a blue state, so that Obama (or pretty much any Democrat) winning this state is inevitable. Yet it appears that voter turnout here will be historic.

[Update @ 6pm: Got out of work early, drove the polling place through heavy and intermittent showers arriving there at ~5pm. Essentially no queue, in and out within 10 minutes. Now the wait begins...]